Manual de utilizare al camerei Smena Symbol

Introducere

The Smena Symbol is a classic Soviet-era 35mm film camera, produced by LOMO from 1971 to 1991. Renowned for its robust design and straightforward operation, it was even used by Soviet climbers during their 1982 Everest ascent. This manual provides essential information for setting up, operating, maintaining, and troubleshooting your Smena Symbol camera.

Key features include a unique shutter button located near the lens mount, and a combined hammer for shutter cocking and film rewind, along with a roulette-style rewind handle.

Înființat

1. Încărcarea filmului

The Smena Symbol uses standard 35mm film. To load film:

1. Deschideți spatele camerei glisând zăvorul de pe lateral.
2. Insert the film cartridge into the film chamber on the left side.
3. Pull the film leader across to the take-up spool on the right. Ensure the film perforations engage with the sprockets.
4. Închideți ferm spatele camerei până când se blochează.
5. Advance the film two frames by turning the film advance knob and pressing the shutter button to ensure the film is properly engaged. Check the rewind knob; it should rotate as you advance the film, indicating proper loading.

Figura 1: Intern view of the Smena Symbol camera, illustrating the film loading area with the film chamber on the left and the take-up spool on the right. The film path is clearly visible.

Operarea camerei

1. Setting Film Speed (ISO/GOST)

On the top of the camera, there is a dial to set the film speed (GOST/ASA). Rotate this dial to match the ISO/GOST rating of your loaded film. This setting helps in determining appropriate exposure values.

Figura 2: Top view of the Smena Symbol camera. Visible are the film advance knob, the film counter, and the dial for setting film speed (GOST/ASA) which is crucial for correct exposure.

2. Setting Aperture and Shutter Speed

The Smena Symbol features a LOMO T-43 lens (4/40mm). Aperture (f-stop) and shutter speed are set manually using rings around the lens.

• Deschidere: Adjust the aperture ring to control the amount of light entering the lens and the depth of field. Values typically range from f/4 to f/16.
• Viteza obturatorului: Adjust the shutter speed ring to control the duration the shutter remains open. Common speeds include 1/15, 1/30, 1/60, 1/125, 1/250 seconds, and 'B' for bulb mode.

Proper exposure requires balancing these two settings based on lighting conditions and film speed. The camera often has symbols (sun, cloud, etc.) on the aperture ring to guide exposure in different light.

Figura 3: Faţă view of the Smena Symbol camera, highlighting the LOMO T-43 lens. The rings around the lens are used to manually set the aperture (f-stops) and shutter speed, which are essential for controlling exposure.

3. Concentrarea

The Smena Symbol typically uses zone focusing. Estimate the distance to your subject and set the focus ring on the lens to the corresponding distance marker (e.g., 1.5m, 3m, infinity). Some models may have symbols for portraits, groups, and landscapes.

4. Realizarea unei fotografii

1. Advance the film using the film advance knob until it stops. This also cocks the shutter.
2. Încadrați fotografia folosind viewcăutare.
3. Press the shutter button, located next to the lens mount on the front of the camera, to take the picture.

5. Rebobinarea filmului

Once all frames on the film roll have been exposed:

1. Locate the film rewind release button (usually on the bottom or side of the camera). Press and hold it.
2. Turn the film rewind handle (roulette-style) clockwise until you feel the tension release, indicating the film is fully rewound into its cartridge.
3. Deschideți spatele camerei și scoateți cartușul de film.

Întreţinere

• Curățarea lentilei: Use a soft, lint-free cloth or a lens brush to gently remove dust and smudges. For stubborn marks, use a specialized lens cleaning solution applied to the cloth, not directly to the lens.
• Curățarea corpului camerei: Wipe the camera body with a dry, soft cloth. Avoid using harsh chemicals or excessive moisture.
• Depozitare: Store the camera in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight and extreme temperatures. If storing for extended periods, remove any film inside. The camera comes with a protective case.

Figura 4: The protective black leather case for the Smena Symbol camera, featuring the 'LOMO' brand name embossed on its front. This case helps protect the camera from dust and minor impacts during storage and transport.

Depanare

• Filmul nu avansează:

  Ensure the film is properly loaded and engaged with the take-up spool and sprockets. Check if the film advance knob is fully rotated after each shot.
• Obturatorul nu se declanșează:

  Confirm the film has been advanced, which cocks the shutter. If the shutter is still not firing, check for any obstructions or debris around the shutter mechanism.

• Fotografii neclare:

  Verify that the focus ring is set to the correct distance for your subject. Ensure the camera is held steady during exposure, especially at slower shutter speeds. Check if the lens is clean.

• Scurgeri de lumină:

  Inspect the camera back and film door for any gaps or damage that could allow light to enter. Ensure the camera back is securely closed.

Specificații

Figura 5: Un prim plan view of the camera's bottom, displaying the serial number '83377452'. This number is unique to each camera unit.

Garanție și suport

Specific warranty information for the Smena Symbol camera is not provided within this manual. For details regarding warranty coverage or technical support, please refer to the original purchase documentation or contact the retailer from whom the camera was acquired.

As this is a vintage camera, support may be limited. Online communities and specialized repair shops for vintage cameras may offer additional resources.